What is the fake check scam?
The fake check scam is a long-running financial scam where someone sends you a check that looks real and asks you to deposit it, then quickly send some of the money back or use it for a specific purpose. Even though the check may appear to “clear” at first, it later turns out to be fake. When the bank reverses the deposit, the money you sent is gone — and you’re responsible for the loss.
How this scam usually works
The scam typically begins with what looks like a legitimate situation: a job offer, online sale, rental agreement, or refund. The scammer sends a check and asks you to deposit it right away, often stressing urgency or providing a reason you need to return part of the money, forward it to someone else, or use it to buy gift cards or equipment. Because banks often make funds available before a check fully clears, the balance appears real. Days or weeks later, the check is identified as fake and the deposit is reversed, leaving you liable for any money you already spent or sent.
How to protect yourself
Never accept or deposit a check from someone you don’t know or trust, especially if they instruct you to send money back, forward funds, or make purchases on their behalf. Be skeptical of any situation where you’re asked to move money quickly using checks, gift cards, wire transfers, or payment apps. Remember that a bank making funds available does not mean a check has fully cleared. When in doubt, contact your bank directly using a verified phone number before taking action.
What to do if you’ve been affected
If you’ve deposited a check and sent money before discovering the scam, contact your bank immediately to explain what happened — acting quickly may limit further damage. Stop communicating with the scammer and do not send additional funds. Document all messages, checks, and transactions, then report the scam to ReportFraud.ftc.gov. If the scam was tied to a job, marketplace sale, or rental, notify the platform involved so they can warn others.